Influence of indigenous cultures on local community- culture, Berbers, and Lebanese culture

Introduction

Culture is the entire way of living that is built from by a group of people which have lived together and have the same practices and beliefs that are passed from one generation to another. Heritage is related to a culture that comes or belongs to an individual from the time of birth. Maintaining one’s values and culture has been considered to be beyond price. The local community of Lebanese has been known to be one of the oldest cultures that have survived for many years due to their ability to adapt to changes and passing it from one generation to another (Clifford, 2001 p. 470). Culture has been preserved through arts, knowledge, performances and rituals, teaching languages and speaking, protection of cultural property, significant sites and sacred places and objects.

Traditional custodian of the land

Historically, the Wurundjeri and the Bunurong people inhibited the land that the Aboriginals are living. The Aboriginals have always acknowledged that they are on the traditional land of wurundjeri and Bunurong people and have aid esteem to the community elders. The Burngong were known to be the indigenous people whose traditional lands were from the Werribee river down to promontory that took areas of the old Carrum swamp, western port bay, twin river and Mornington Peninsula (Fernandez, and Fogli, 2009 p.150). The culture of Lebanon emerged from different civilizations that occurred over a thousand years. Their land belonged to the Phoenicians that was occupied by the Assyrians that conquered them, the Arabs, Ottman Turks and the Persians. The Berbers have been the original inhabitants of the land.

Living languages

Languages are taken as the ability of the land to speak while the people carry the voice of the land which is the language. Therefore, it is a mistake to dismiss the living languages of a community to promote cultural existence. Lebanese have had their official language as Arabic and later had the French language used in public as one of the Lebanese languages. At the beginning of the 21st century, there were fewer than 15 languages that have remained in the daily use. Some of these languages include Wiradjuri, adyamathanha, Ngarrindjeri, guguberra, Noongar, Bardi, Katja, and Djaru. The Berber has been known for speaking the Berber language which came from the branch of the Afroasiatic family. They have used foreign languages that were inherited from European colonial powers such as Spanish and freanch.

Archeological sites

Lebanon has had a diverse range of remains and ruins of the Roman temples and Ancient Greek. The most attractive is the Baalbek that includes an enormous Jupiter temple. The long history of the indigenous culture of aboriginals has been found in many significant archeological sites (Raday,2003 p .668). A Phoenician seaport where the tombs and remains were found and other Byblian royal inscriptions. These sites have provided information how people lived, how they adapted to environmental changes and use of resources in the past (Pons, Xavier p .336). One of the types of archeological sites is located on the coasts of Botany Bay.  This archeological site is shell midden that was discovered and was used to indicate that there were inhabitants of the land 3000 years ago. These shell middens revealed that the people consumed as various kinds of fish and different sea animals. The banks of shells indicated that this was a special food for the humans. According to the belief of the Aboriginals elders, jinimum has always been a significant place in their culture (Cochran, Marshall, Garcia-Downing, Kendall, Cook, McCubbin, and Gover, 2008 p .25). The Berber museum has been used in the preservation of the related Berber culture, heritage, and art which has included the artifacts from archeological and prehistoric sites. The archeological sites of Volubilis have also been used to show the ancient settlement of the Berbers.

Events of historical significance

 Lebanese have been celebrating both Muslim and Christians national holidays. The Christian holidays that have been celebrated before including Julian and Gregorian calendar while the Muslim holidays that they celebrate are based on the Islam lunar calendar (Maddy-Weitzman, 2006 p .74). They have also had national holidays that include Martyrs Day, Independence Day and the Workers Day. They have also held festivals in historical sites such as the Byblos international festival and Baalbek international festival. Traditionally, the aboriginal ceremonies have always merged drama, dances with virtual arts and music (Rolfe and Windle, 2003 p .79). This tradition has continued through different contemporary dances such as Bangarra.

Bangarra has been used to uphold the relation with integrity and respect among the traditional indigenous culture giving voice to political and social issues. Some of the significant events in the Aboriginal communities and people include Constitutional amendment referendum, the Aboriginal flag, Uluru handed back, August national aboriginal children’s day and the Australia day that makes the invasion of the Europeans and the acknowledgment of their cultural heritage survival. The festivals of marriage and engagement in Berber culture have still been celebrated and have given the people opportunity to connect, interact, share artistic and mythical traditions.

 Indigenous population

The cultures have been associated with low socioeconomic status and have had a range of socioeconomic status that includes employment, education, and income. Their low socioeconomic status is associated with increased health risk factors and poor health (Wreford,2010 p .20).  Health risk factors have been indicated for people aged 15 years and above.

Indigenous services

Compared to the past, the indigenous cultural works today have been diverse about the people that make them and the influence of the culture (Davies, White, Wright, Maru, and LaFlamme, 2008 p .60). The indigenous services from the different cultures have enhanced education, health, and employment aspirations. For instance, the Aboriginals have to protect the integrity of their work; this has been shared with others over generations with indigenous artists having contracts with manufacturers to produce their designs. The indigenous artists’ work is regarding the spiritual and cultural significance of the art design.

Conclusion

The indigenous cultures have revealed the influence of indigenous culture on the local area regarding activities. This is because their culture has been maintained up to date and has affected their activities. Indigenous services, archeological sites and historical event have been passed from one generation to another hence influencing the local community. This has kept the culture alive with their ability to adapt to changes and pass it from one generation to another.

References

Clifford, J., 2001. Indigenous articulations. The Contemporary Pacific, 13(2), pp.467-490.

Davies, J., White, J., Wright, A., Maru, Y. and LaFlamme, M., 2008. Applying the sustainable livelihoods approach in Australian desert Aboriginal development. The Rangeland Journal, 30(1), pp.55-65.

Cochran, P.A., Marshall, C.A., Garcia-Downing, C., Kendall, E., Cook, D., McCubbin, L. and Gover, R.M.S., 2008. Indigenous ways of knowing: Implications for participatory research and community. American Journal of Public Health, 98(1), pp.22-27.

Le Roux, Géraldine. “Controversies over the Classification of Aboriginal Art as Heritage.” Hermès, La Revue 1 (2013): 171-176.

Pons, Xavier. “Australian Culture: Between East and West.” Pouvoirs 2 (2012): 133-144.

Rolfe, J. and Windle, J., 2003. Valuing the protection of Aboriginal cultural heritage sites. Economic Record, 79(SpecialIssue).

Wreford, G., 2010. The state of arts and health in Australia. Arts & Health, 2(1), pp.8-22.

Maddy-Weitzman, B., 2006. Ethno-politics and globalization in North Africa: The Berber culture movement. The Journal of North African Studies, 11(1), pp.71-84.

Fernandez, R. and Fogli, A., 2009. Culture: An empirical investigation of beliefs, work, and fertility. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 1(1), pp.146-177.

Raday, F., 2003. Culture, religion, and gender. International Journal of Constitutional Law, 1(4), pp.663-715.

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