Internet of things and how they change the organization of communication system

Introduction

In the past few years, people started using the network to connect to machines that had the same protocol with each person using the same kind of communication channel. This was primarily the computers being used by individuals until there came the automated systems that have been added into the communication systems.  Today the devices are being connected to one another and not necessarily the people due to the Internet of things that involve a million of devices that are being connected together to increase interconnections and interactivity (Tan and Wang, 2010).

Communication technologies have been considered important in playing a significant role in the wireless network (Tan and Wang, 2010). Ideally, the networks have comprised of energy constraint devices that need low power technologies thus increasing their efficiency. The Internet of Things is a progressing new concept that offers connectivity to the internet through the use of smart devices that attain management and identification in a heterogeneous connectivity environment (Burns, 2017). It is also one of the most essential new concepts that have offered connectivity of devices and sensors to the internet and that offer connectivity to everyone and at any time. The use of internet of things towards environment demands such as the workplace, home appliance, and vehicles is related to the ability of the connected devices to sense and communicate as well as interact without the involvement of human. This means that the internet of things is an interconnection of multiple sensor devices that are being used in the collection of information.

 

 

The internet of things

The Internet of things is changing the way people live, work and how they get value from their assets and belongings and even how the society functions. The internet of things is considered a global network of physical devices that have been connected through the internet (Tan and Wang, 2010). The devices have sensors and other equipment’s that enable the transfer of information. The devices are usually combined by the means of processing unit or a control. The internet of things is based upon an M2M (machine to machine) communication technology that can offer everyone clear transparency in any field of activity (Burgess, 2018). Ideally, the telecommunication operators will need to change and improve their analytics capacity in order for them to generate their insights into network issues and also offer predictive maintenance to improve the quality of the quality of the network and lower the cost. Additionally, for the telecommunications industry to provide tailored consumer applications they have been forced to capitalize more on their infrastructure (Tan and Wang, 2010). Through the fast adoption of cloud technologies has enabled companies to deliver solution functionalities, platforms, and impeccable network.

Being a new revolution of the internet the IoT has made objects recognizable, acquire intelligence as well as access information that has been combined with other things.  The internet of things has allowed people to stay connected anytime, anyplace and anywhere through the use of a network path. This implies that there exist elements such as content, connectivity, convergence, communication, collection, and computing. The internet of things enables interaction among the physical/real as well as the virtual/digital worlds. Ideally, the physical entities have had virtual representation and digital counterparts and through which they can sense, exchange data, interact and communicate knowledge and information. Through the utilization of these intellectual decision-making algorithms, they have been able to make rapid responses through software applications. These have offered new dimensions of the Internet of things which has been used in the management of information in businesses in domains such as transportation, logistics, supply chain management, defense, agriculture, energy, retail, and many others.

How IoT may change the communication systems

Internet things remarkably influence organizational communication system. As defined by Burgess (2018), Internet of Things (IoT) involves all items connected to the internet including simple and cheap sensors to smartphones and wearables, electronics, actuators and software which are connected. That is, these connections are usually ‘talk’ or facilitate, gathering of information, analyzing it, and sharing of data from one device to the other. Connected. As the advancement of the media industry is witnessed, internet connectivity is extended from conventional devices including computers, laptops, smartphones, and tablets to several traditional non-internet-enabled devices. As explained by World Economic Forum (2018), the birth of the internet of things is witnessed through the increased use of second sensors, connected devices, and cloud computing which offers media industry seamless and penalized job opportunities as showed below.

As evidenced in many organizations, the IoT brings valuable change to improved organization communication systems. As developed by Burns (2017), the IoT is highly applicable in ranging fields including consumer, industrial, commercial, and infrastructure spaces. For instance, the IoT has led to newly developed methods of electronic communication including improved interaction among employees, updated social networking websites and video conferences, and smart home. Here, the IoT facilitate better workplace collaboration through remote workers where organizations can create a real presence for employees anywhere worldwide. An excellent example as demonstrated by Burns (2017) is where video conferences are held will be possible from any part of organization base apart from the commonly used fixed devices including smartphones and computers. Most of the launched IoT by google include smart home devices, Google Duo, self-driving cars, quick lock, Nest learning thermostat, and voice assistance among other devices (Singh, 2018).

The new internet of things applications has also been involved within the communication system where the mobile network operators have been able to deliver high-quality functionalities for the network and enable the connection of the machine to machine uninterruptedly (Chong and Kumar, 2003).  The impact of the internet of things on the telecommunication industry has been considered to be huge. This is because the communication system would be seen adapting to the changes in the network usage due to IOT. The communication system would adapt to the changes in the usage of network and offering services that will benefit their customers. These include monetization of data, adaptable data network and cloud infrastructure for different uses and as well partnering with different platform providers that would enable change the communication system and telecommunication industry in few years. Through the adoption of the internet of things is critical for the communication system due to the fact the companies will offer innovative pricing models that will meet the demands of their consumers. The communication system providers will be able to adopt a data-centric approach that will enable various smart devices to stay connected with internet uninterruptedly.

Basically, the Internet of things has been considered as an evolution for home, mobile and other embedded applications that have been connected to the internet to ensure that they integrate communication. Through the use of data analytics. The connected devices have been able to offer meaningful information. Ideally, these devices have been able to share data through the cloud technologies and as well analyze the devices to derive meaningful information. Additionally, the devices have been able to share data on the cloud and analyze it in a more secure manner and enhance business operations. Many industries are adopting the Internet of things since it is improving the current systems. For instance, the health care centers have adopted the IoT devices in order to improve the medical outcomes.

The IoT communication protocols that have changed the communication system

The internet of things is based on the networking of things. The IoT communication protocols have offered new communication techniques that have changed the communication system. These include both the wireless and wired communication protocols: WIFI, ZigBee, Z wave, Bluetooth, RF, LGlite and NFC (Bandyopadhyay and Sen, 2011). The WIFI is considered as a local area network that enables the computers to send and receive information. It is referred to the IEEE802.11 communication standards. It relies on high-frequency radio waves instead of using wires to transmit and communicate data. It has an access point that connects the wireless and wired networks together and enables transmitting and receiving of data between the wired and wireless clients network. This has led to freeing network from cables, increased the speed of data transmission and reliable products with cheaper development for embedded structures. Additionally, there is the WIFI direct which is a WIFI standard that allows devices to connect without the need for a wireless access point This has been useful for the transfer of files and communication of one device to another simultaneously. It relies on standards to accomplish its functions which include: Wifi technology, Wifi protected setup, WPA2, and Wifi direct services. This is a portable Wifi that is able to go everywhere and anytime with simple and secure connections.

Zigbee is a new wireless technology whose technological standard is created for sensor and control networks (Bandyopadhyay and Sen, 2011). It is based on IEEE802.15.4 standard. This has been designed basically for low power consumption enabling the batteries to last longer.  ZigBee has made it possible for the networked homes to communicate and be controlled under a single unit.  It offers application support and network security as well as direct communication. It has been used on consumer electronics, roadmap products tracking, residential and commercial control, industrial management and control as well as home networking.

Z-wave is another wireless communication protocol that has been designed for home automation. This is a mesh networking that relies on low energy radio waves for communication. The protocol works on mesh network architecture with a multiple secondary and a primary controller.  Z-wave is used for energy saving, home security and application, and production based on the Internet of things.

Bluetooth has been considered as an open standard that develops a personal area network. The features of Bluetooth include low power, low cost and short range of about 10 meters. This means that information can be exchanged from one Bluetooth device to another through the use of radio waves after the creation of a small network of devices that are close to each other (Bandyopadhyay and Sen, 2011). Bluetooth has enabled wireless network between desktop computers and laptops that have a confined little bandwidth. It transfers images, files, and MP3 via mobile phones and also acts as a data logging item that transmits data to the computer via the Bluetooth technology.

The RF is considered as an integrated circuit that has been built to receive and transmit radio signals. They have a radio receiver or transmitter and contains antennae’s that are used to receive and transmit data. The RF is used for remote control, vehicle monitoring, telemetry, and access control systems.  On the other hand, is the 3G technology which is a third generation transmission technology whose data transmission speed has been increased from 144kbps-2mbps. Ideally, the features of the smartphones have increased their bandwidth and the rates of data transfer in order to enable accommodation of the video and audio files as well as web-based applications. It has offer faster communication, allowed sending and receiving of large emails, high security, high-speed web. Largest broadband capabilities and capacities. The 4g technology which is the latest in the 2000s has the capability of offering 1000mbps to 1Gbps speed.

The NFC which standards for Near Field Communication is a short-range wireless communication technology with a high frequency that has enabled the exchange of data among devices other (Bandyopadhyay and Sen, 2011). This has allowed two electronic devices one of which is a portable device establishes communication through bringing them together thus enables sharing of files and data between the devices.

Utilizing the Internet of things data sources in communication systems

Ideally, the telecommunication sectors have been facing challenges in handling the velocity of data and information flows. The internet of things data source has been used to meet up the demands of the communication providers to facilitate rapid response to various events (Mattern and Floerkemeier, 2010). The Internet of things data source has enabled telecommunication services to profit from large information flow thus promoting the sector.  Additionally, they have been able to improve their profitability through improved customer experience, optimization of network service usage and security. Distributed message system has been will one of the IoT data sources that have allowed communication companies to transfer data through processing centers, cell towers, and users. Through the internet of things, it has been possible for the communication systems to manage to change patterns of network usage.

Applications of IoT in communication systems

Device dialogue (RFID and sensors)

The RFID is not a new idea since it was initially based on the radio waves and later they were transformed into radar signals.  They have been used to offer P2P connection for various objects. They consist of three different components which include the transponder, the reader of an integrator and the tag to carry data.  Some of the applications have revealed that the RFID will include the smart chips, smart shopping, and smart environment. On the other hand, the sensors have also been considered as one of the major building blocks for the Internet of things within the communication systems. A sensor is an electronic device that has the capability of sensing the physical stimuli and being able to respond efficiently (Mainetti, Patrono and Vilei, 2011). It is able to convert the stimuli to signals into a digital and analog form that will enable the raw data that had been detected by the parameters to be read by the machines and humans. Ideally, when sensors form the sensor network, they deploy a single sensor and ensure connectivity for the multiple nodes. The progressive combination of microelectronics and communication technologies has removed the boundaries between the virtual network world and the physical objects.

With the use of sensors and RFID application of the internet of things within the telecommunication industry will first see a big change not necessarily on the method of communication but the type of audience. The battle and inspiration of the internet of things and artificial intelligence will change how individuals communicate with their devices. In this case, people are no longer going to communicate through machines but will be communicating with machines. The concept of letting machines communicate with humans has been brought about by the internet of things. The machine to human communication has been considered as a form of communication in which humans have been able to communicate and co-work with AI (artificial intelligence systems) contrary to utilizing them as tools and devices (Hersent, Boswarthick, and Elloumi, 2011). Through the internet of thins, the machines have been paired with software that has enabled the machines to communicate.

Machine to machine communication

Internet of things has enabled the machine to machine communication with has greatly impacted the communication system. This is all about the communication between different devices that can be wireless or wired (Bello and Zeadally, 2016). This is a point to point communication that is dependent on network communication. The machine to machine communication has been essential in the development of communication that can be monitored in an efficient manner. For instance, the internet of things at the workplace especially in the factory has taken over the industrial processes such as monitoring, management of fleet vehicles and security This has been highly beneficial for the business who have been able to acquire data and monitor their processes in a greater detail (Da Xu, He and Li, 2014). A lot of data that has been recorded and analyzed has been essential in the improvement of processes that have made them more efficient and productive. The internet of things has allowed a number of connections and opportunities in telecommunications application through instrumentation and automation.

Instant interactions

The internet of things data has not been limited to laptops, computers, and smartphones but to any device that has the ability to interact with their external environment through the use of internet and technology Machine data is coming from alarm triggers, speakers, electronic appliances and security systems as well as other related Internet of things system data (Bello and Zeadally, 2016). For instance, one of the major application areas is security where the authorities can get an alert about the malfunctioning of an item or monitoring the activities of the customers through the use of sensors and cameras.

The idea of the internet of things will enable devices to connect, adapt, respond and impact each other with the aim of making the lives more convenient. For instance, rather than sitting and waiting for the car to warm up in the morning, the alarm clock is able to tell the car to begin heating to warm up. Another example is the sensors that communicate through the internet to the flooring or furniture and alert the lighting when to stay on or off.  On the other hand, the speed broadband services have now been widely accessible at a lower cost. This means that companies have been able to introduce sensors and WIFI capabilities into products and devices within the manufacturing stage.  Remote controls such as tablets, smartphones, home control panels, and computers have been connected via the internet which has been connected to each of the IoT devices (Hersent, Boswarthick, and Elloumi, 2011). The analysis and data then flow from the Internet of things devices and back to the controls and can also be stored through the cloud storage system.

Conclusion

Technological innovations have changed the communication system through the introduction of wireless and wired communication protocols that have been used in the transmission of data in various fields that rely on information.  These tiny devices have been propelled by the concept of the internet of things.  The main factors of this wide acceptance and exponential growth in the communication systems have been the wide acceptance and integration of various communication solutions and technologies such as the wired and wireless actuator networks and sensors within the new generation of communication protocols. This work has explored how the internet of things, which connects devices through the internet has been able to change the communication systems through increased efficiency, speed, and more security.  In addition to speeding up of responses, they have improved organizational effectiveness in terms of customer experience. This is because organizations have been able to collect information from the various sensors and unified communications through the internet of things.  Integration of devices and data through analytical IoT communications and platforms has enabled the communication systems to become more responsive and improve service experiences.  Integration of wireless and wired communication technologies through the IoT has been of supreme importance in the improvement of network structure and connectivity.

References

Burgess, M. (2018). What is the Internet of Things? WIRED explains. [online] Wired.co.uk. Available at: https://www.wired.co.uk/article/internet-of-things-what-is-explained-iot [Accessed 2 Jan. 2019].

Burns, M. (2017). 3 Ways the Internet of Things Will Change Your Workplace In 2017. [online] Digitalistmag.com. Available at: https://www.digitalistmag.com/iot/2017/07/27/3-ways-internet-of-things-change-workplace-in-2017-05238505 [Accessed 3 Jan. 2019].

Tan, L., & Wang, N. (2010, August). Future internet: The internet of things. In Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering (ICACTE), 2010 3rd International Conference on(Vol. 5, pp. V5-376). IEEE.

Da Xu, L., He, W., & Li, S. (2014). Internet of things in industries: A survey. IEEE Transactions on industrial informatics10(4), 2233-2243.

Mainetti, L., Patrono, L., & Vilei, A. (2011, September). Evolution of wireless sensor networks towards the internet of things: A survey. In Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM), 2011 19th International Conference on (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

Mattern, F., & Floerkemeier, C. (2010). From the Internet of Computers to the Internet of Things. In From active data management to event-based systems and more (pp. 242-259). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Bello, O., & Zeadally, S. (2016). Intelligent device-to-device communication in the internet of things. IEEE Systems Journal10(3), 1172-1182.

Hersent, O., Boswarthick, D., & Elloumi, O. (2011). The internet of things: Key applications and protocols. John Wiley & Sons.

Chong, C. Y., & Kumar, S. P. (2003). Sensor networks: evolution, opportunities, and challenges. Proceedings of the IEEE91(8), 1247-1256.

Bandyopadhyay, D., & Sen, J. (2011). Internet of things: Applications and challenges in technology and standardization. Wireless Personal Communications58(1), 49-69.

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